Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences express real or hypothetical situations and their results. There are four main types.

If + present simple, present simple (general truth)

If you heat ice, it melts.

If + present simple, will + base verb (real future)

If it rains, I will stay home.

If + past simple, would + base verb (unreal present)

If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.

If + past perfect, would have + past participle (unreal past)

If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

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